Matsalolin Muhalli a Masana'antar Phenol na Gargajiya
Samar da phenol na al'ada ya dogara kacokan akan albarkatun man petrochemical, tare da matakansa suna haifar da ƙalubalen muhalli masu mahimmanci: Gurɓataccen iska:
Haɗin da aka yi ta amfani da benzene da acetone a matsayin albarkatun ƙasa yana haifar da ruwa mai datti wanda ke ɗauke da benzene, mahaɗan phenolic, da sauran abubuwa masu cutarwa, kai tsaye yana gurɓata ruwa da ƙasa. A halin da ake ciki kuma, tana fitar da iskar carbon dioxide da sauran iskar gas, wanda ke kara ta'azzara dumamar yanayi.
Amfanin Albarkatu: Halin yana buƙatar babban zafin jiki da matsa lamba, wanda ke haifar da yawan amfani da makamashi da ƙarancin amfani da albarkatun ƙasa, yana haifar da ɓarna na albarkatu.
Aikace-aikace na Fasahar Kariyar Muhalli na Zamani
Sabuntawa a cikin Catalysis da Green Synthesis Technologies
Sabbin Tsarin Catalytic: Yin amfani da ingantattun abubuwan haɓakawa (misali, sieves na ƙwayoyin cuta, masu haɓaka ruwa na ionic) yana rage yawan zafin jiki da matsa lamba, rage yawan kuzari da hana haɓakar samfur. Misali, titanium-silicon molecular sieves na iya haɓaka haɓakar haɓakar phenol sama da 30%.
Koren Raw Material Sauya: Yin amfani da albarkatun tushen halittu (misali, lignin, bambaro hydrolysates) ko mahaɗan da aka samo daga shuka (misali, eugenol) azaman kayan maye, ana shirya phenol ta hanyar jujjuyawar halittu ko haɗin sinadarai, rage dogaro ga albarkatun mai.
Maganin Gurɓatacce da Fasahar Sake yin amfani da su
Waste Gas Tsarkake: Catalytic oxygenation (misali, TiO₂ photocatalysis, daraja karafa catalysts) rage maras tabbas kwayoyin mahadi (VOCs);
Hanyoyin adsorption (carbon da aka kunna, sieves na kwayoyin) suna dawo da abubuwa masu mahimmanci kamar benzene daga iskar gas don sake amfani da su.
Maganin Ruwan Ruwa:
Fasaha na rabuwa na membrane (reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration) cire abubuwan phenolic daga ruwan sha;
Fasahar haɓakar iskar oxygen ta ci gaba (ozone oxidation, Fenton reaction) yana ƙasƙantar da gurɓataccen gurɓataccen yanayi, yana ba da damar ruwan sha don saduwa da matsayin fitarwa ko sake amfani da shi.
Dabarun Ci Gaba Mai Dorewa
Rage Tushen da Inganta Tsari
Aiwatar da tsarin rufaffiyar madauki: Maimaita albarkatun kasa (misali, benzene, acetone) daga ruwan sharar gida da iskar gas don cimma "fitarwa sifili";
Sauya tsarin tsari tare da ci gaba da samarwa don rage yawan amfani da makamashi da asarar kayan abu.
Sake amfani da albarkatu da amfani da sharar gida
Amfani da Albarkatun Sharar Ƙarfafa: Ana sake haifar da ragowar abubuwan da ke haifar da haɓaka don dawo da aiki ko ƙonewa don dawo da makamashin zafi; samfuran samfuran (misali, acetone) ana tsarkake su kuma an sake saka hannun jari a samarwa.
Amfanin Cascade Energy: Yi amfani da zafin sharar amsawa don samar da wutar lantarki ko dumama don rage yawan amfani da makamashin shuka.
Gina Samfuran Tattalin Arziƙi na Da'ira
Kafa tsarin haɗin gwiwar wuraren shakatawa na masana'antu: Samar da phenol guda biyu tare da masana'antu na ƙasa (misali, robobi, sarrafa guduro) don cimma zagayen rufaffiyar madauki na albarkatun ƙasa-samfuran-sharar gida;
Haɗin kai tare da kamfanonin makamashi don kamawa da adana carbon (CCUS) daga iskar gas mai shayewa (misali, CO₂), rage fitar da iskar carbon.
Hannun Ci gaban Gaba
Mayar da hankali kan Ƙirƙirar Fasaha
Biosynthesis Technologies: Haɓaka ƙwayoyin cuta da aka ƙera don haɗa phenol kai tsaye daga sugars ta hanyar fermentation, ba da damar samar da tushen tushen halittu gabaɗaya;
Electrochemical da Photocatalytic Technologies: Kore haɗin phenol ta amfani da makamashi mai sabuntawa (rana, makamashin lantarki) don rage hayaƙin carbon.
Haɗin gwiwar Siyasa da Masana'antu
Haɗin kai na ƙasa da ƙasa yana haɓaka ƙa'idodin fasaha guda ɗaya kuma yana haɓaka haɓaka kan iyaka na hanyoyin kare muhalli (misali, catalysis kore, hanyoyin lissafin sawun carbon);
Gwamnatoci suna ƙwarin gwiwar kamfanoni don yin amfani da ƙananan fasahohin carbon ta hanyar ƙarfafa haraji da hanyoyin cinikin iskar carbon, canza canjin masana'antu.
Ci gaba mai dorewa a masana'antar phenol yana buƙatar haɗa sabbin fasahohi tare da ra'ayoyin tattalin arziki madauwari. Ta hanyar haɓaka haɓakawa, maye gurbin tushen albarkatun halittu, da zurfin jiyya mai ƙazanta, ana iya rage nauyin muhalli sosai. A halin yanzu, dogaro da goyon bayan manufofi da haɗin gwiwar masana'antu don gina tsarin rufaffiyar tsarin "samar da albarkatu-sake yin amfani da shi" zai kai masana'antar zuwa ga ƙarancin carbon, ingantaccen canji, samun nasara ga tattalin arziki da muhalli.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-18-2025
