Phenol albarkatun kasa

Phenolwani nau'in sinadari ne mai mahimmanci tare da aikace-aikace masu yawa a cikin masana'antu da bincike. Shirye-shiryensa na kasuwanci ya ƙunshi tsari mai yawa wanda ya fara tare da iskar shaka na cyclohexane. A cikin wannan tsari, cyclohexane yana oxidized cikin jerin tsaka-tsaki, ciki har da cyclohexanol da cyclohexanone, wanda aka canza zuwa phenol. Bari mu shiga cikin cikakkun bayanai game da wannan tsari. 

 

Shirye-shiryen kasuwanci na phenol yana farawa tare da iskar shaka na cyclohexane. Ana aiwatar da wannan matakin ne a gaban wani wakili na oxidizing, kamar iska ko iskar oxygen mai tsabta, da mai kara kuzari. Mai kara kuzarin da ake amfani da shi a cikin wannan dauki yawanci cakuda karafa ne na mika mulki, kamar su cobalt, manganese, da bromine. Ana aiwatar da martanin a yanayin zafi da matsa lamba, yawanci jere daga 600 zuwa 900.°C da 10 zuwa 200 yanayi, bi da bi.

 

Rashin iskar oxygen na cyclohexane yana haifar da samuwar jerin tsaka-tsaki, ciki har da cyclohexanol da cyclohexanone. Wadannan matsakaitan ana canza su zuwa phenol a wani mataki na amsawa na gaba. Ana aiwatar da wannan matakin a gaban mai haɓaka acid, irin su sulfuric acid ko hydrochloric acid. Mai haɓaka acid yana haɓaka rashin ruwa na cyclohexanol da cyclohexanone, wanda ya haifar da samuwar phenol da ruwa.

 

Sakamakon phenol kuma ana tsarkake shi ta hanyar distillation da sauran fasahohin tsarkakewa don cire ƙazanta da sauran abubuwan da suka dace. Tsarin tsarkakewa yana tabbatar da cewa samfurin ƙarshe ya cika buƙatun tsabta don aikace-aikace daban-daban.

 

Ana amfani da phenol a aikace-aikace iri-iri, ciki har da samar da polycarbonates, Bisphenol A (BPA), resin phenolic, da sauran mahadi daban-daban. Ana amfani da polycarbonates sosai a cikin samar da kwantena filastik, ruwan tabarau, da sauran kayan gani na gani saboda girman girman su da juriya ga tasiri. Ana amfani da BPA wajen samar da resin epoxy da sauran mannewa, sutura, da abubuwan haɗin gwiwa. Ana amfani da resins na phenolic a cikin samar da manne, sutura, da kuma abubuwan da aka haɗa saboda yawan juriya ga zafi da sinadarai.

 

A ƙarshe, shirye-shiryen kasuwanci na phenol ya haɗa da hadawan abu da iskar shaka na cyclohexane, biye da jujjuyawar matsakaici zuwa phenol da tsarkakewa na samfurin ƙarshe. Ana amfani da phenol da aka samu a cikin aikace-aikace masu yawa, ciki har da samar da kwantena filastik, adhesives, sutura, da kuma abubuwan da aka haɗa.


Lokacin aikawa: Dec-11-2023