Kuna tuna melamine? Shahararriyar “madarar foda ce”, amma abin mamaki, ana iya “canzawa”.

A ranar 2 ga Fabrairu, an buga wata takarda ta bincike a mujallar Nature, babbar mujallar kimiyya ta kasa da kasa, tana mai da'awar cewa melamine na iya zama wani abu mai wuya fiye da karfe da haske fiye da filastik, abin da ya ba mutane mamaki. Tawagar da fitaccen masanin kimiyyar kayan aiki Michael Strano, farfesa ne a Sashen Injiniyan Sinadarai a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Massachusetts ne ya buga takardar, kuma marubucin farko ya kasance abokin karatun digiri ne Yuwei Zeng.

Rahotanni sun bayyana cewa sun sanyawa sunankayan cikinya fito daga melamine 2DPA-1, polymer mai girma biyu wanda ya haɗa kai cikin zanen gado don samar da ƙarancin ƙima amma mai ƙarfi sosai, abu mai inganci, wanda aka gabatar da takaddun haƙƙin mallaka guda biyu.

Melamine, wanda aka fi sani da dimethylamine, wani farin crystal monoclinic ne wanda yayi kama da madara p

Melamine ba shi da ɗanɗano kuma yana ɗan narkewa a cikin ruwa, amma kuma a cikin methanol, formaldehyde, acetic acid, glycerin, pyridine, da sauransu. Ba ya narkewa a cikin acetone da ether. Yana da illa ga jikin dan Adam, kuma kasashen Sin da WHO sun kayyade cewa bai kamata a yi amfani da sinadarin melamine wajen sarrafa abinci ko kayan abinci ba, amma a hakikanin gaskiya melamine na da matukar muhimmanci a matsayin danyen sinadari da gina danyen abu, musamman a fenti, lacquers. faranti, adhesives da sauran samfuran suna da aikace-aikacen da yawa.

Tsarin kwayoyin halitta na melamine shine C3H6N6 kuma nauyin kwayoyin shine 126.12. Ta hanyar tsarin sinadarai, za mu iya sanin cewa melamine ya ƙunshi abubuwa uku, carbon, hydrogen da nitrogen, kuma ya ƙunshi tsarin zoben carbon da nitrogen, kuma masana kimiyya a MIT sun gano a cikin gwaje-gwajen da suka yi cewa waɗannan kwayoyin melamine monomers na iya girma a kan nau'i biyu a ƙarƙashin dacewa. yanayi, kuma za a daidaita hanyoyin haɗin hydrogen da ke cikin kwayoyin halitta tare, yin shi akai-akai. Tsarin hexagonal wanda graphene mai girma biyu ya samar, kuma wannan tsarin yana da ƙarfi sosai kuma yana da ƙarfi, don haka melamine ta rikiɗe zuwa takarda mai girma mai girma biyu mai suna polyamide a hannun masana kimiyya.

Har ila yau, kayan ba shi da wahala don kerawa, in ji Strano, kuma ana iya samar da shi ba tare da bata lokaci ba a cikin bayani, wanda daga bisani za a iya cire fim din 2DPA-1, yana ba da hanya mai sauƙi don yin kayan aiki mai mahimmanci amma bakin ciki a cikin adadi mai yawa.

Masu binciken sun gano cewa sabon kayan yana da modules na elasticity, ma'auni na ƙarfin da ake buƙata don nakasa, wanda ya ninka na gilashin da ke hana harsashi sau hudu zuwa shida. Sun kuma gano cewa duk da kasancewar kashi ɗaya cikin shida na ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfe kamar ƙarfe, polymer ɗin yana da ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa sau biyu, ko kuma ƙarfin da ake buƙata don karya kayan.

Wani maɓalli mai mahimmanci na kayan shine rashin iska. Yayin da sauran nau'ikan polymers sun ƙunshi sarƙoƙi masu karkace tare da gibba inda iskar gas za ta iya tserewa, sabon kayan ya ƙunshi monomers waɗanda ke manne tare kamar tubalan Lego da ƙwayoyin cuta ba za su iya shiga tsakanin su ba.

Wannan yana ba mu damar ƙirƙirar sutura masu ƙwanƙwasa waɗanda ke da juriya ga shigar ruwa ko iskar gas,” in ji masanan. Ana iya amfani da wannan nau'in murfin shinge don kare karafa a cikin motoci da sauran ababen hawa ko tsarin karfe."

Yanzu masu binciken suna nazarin yadda za'a iya samar da wannan musamman polymer zuwa zanen gado mai girma biyu daki-daki kuma suna ƙoƙarin canza tsarin halittarsa ​​don ƙirƙirar wasu nau'ikan sabbin kayan.

A bayyane yake cewa wannan kayan yana da matuƙar kyawawa, kuma idan ana iya samarwa da yawa, zai iya kawo manyan canje-canje ga filayen kera motoci, sararin samaniya, da kuma filayen kariya. Musamman a fannin sabbin motocin makamashi, duk da cewa kasashe da dama na shirin kawar da motocin mai bayan shekara ta 2035, amma har yanzu sabbin motocin makamashin na fuskantar matsala. Idan za a iya amfani da wannan sabon abu a fannin kera motoci, hakan yana nufin cewa za a rage nauyin sabbin motocin makamashi sosai, amma kuma a rage hasarar wutar lantarki, wanda hakan zai inganta yawan sabbin motocin makamashi a kaikaice.