Dimethyl carbonate wani muhimmin fili ne na kwayoyin halitta wanda ake amfani dashi sosai a masana'antar sinadarai, magani, kayan lantarki da sauran fannoni. Wannan labarin zai gabatar da tsarin samarwa da hanyar shiri na dimethyl carbonate.

1. Production tsari na dimethyl carbonate

Ana iya raba tsarin samar da dimethyl carbonate zuwa nau'i biyu: hanyar sinadarai da hanyar jiki.

1) Hanyar kimiyya

Ma'auni na halayen halayen sunadarai na dimethyl carbonate shine: CH3OH+CO2 → CH3OCO2CH3

Methanol shine albarkatun kasa don dimethyl carbonate, kuma iskar carbonate shine mai amsawa. Tsarin dauki yana buƙatar mai kara kuzari.

Akwai nau'o'i daban-daban, ciki har da sodium hydroxide, calcium oxide, jan karfe oxide, da carbonate. Carbonate ester yana da mafi kyawun tasiri mai ƙarfi, amma zaɓin mai haɓakawa kuma yana buƙatar la'akari da abubuwa kamar farashi da yanayi.

A samar da tsari na dimethyl carbonate yafi hada da matakai kamar methanol tsarkakewa, oxygen hadawan abu da iskar shaka, dumama dauki, rabuwa / distillation, da dai sauransu A lokacin dauki tsari, m iko da sigogi kamar zafin jiki, matsa lamba, da dauki lokaci ake bukata don inganta yawan amfanin ƙasa da kuma tsarki.

2) Hanyar jiki

Akwai manyan hanyoyi guda biyu na jiki don samar da dimethyl carbonate: hanyar sha da hanyar matsawa.

Hanyar shayarwa tana amfani da methanol azaman abin sha kuma yana amsawa tare da CO2 a ƙananan yanayin zafi don samar da dimethyl carbonate. Ana iya sake amfani da abin sha, kuma ana iya sake yin amfani da iskar carbon dioxide da abin ya haifar, amma yawan abin da ya faru yana jinkiri kuma yawan kuzarin da ake amfani da shi yana da yawa.

Dokar matsawa tana amfani da kaddarorin jiki na CO2 don saduwa da methanol a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba, don haka cimma shirye-shiryen dimethyl carbonate. Wannan hanya tana da saurin amsawa, amma yana buƙatar kayan aiki mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi kuma yana da tsada.

Hanyoyi guda biyu da ke sama suna da nasu fa'idodi da rashin amfani, kuma ana iya zaɓar su bisa la'akari da buƙatun aikace-aikacen da abubuwan tattalin arziki.

2. Shiri Hanyar dimethyl carbonate

Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban don shirya dimethyl carbonate, kuma waɗannan su ne hanyoyin da aka saba amfani da su guda biyu:

1) Hanyar methanol

Wannan ita ce hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita don shirya dimethyl carbonate. Matakan aiki na musamman sune kamar haka:

(1) Ƙara methanol da potassium carbonate / sodium carbonate, da zafi don amsa zafin jiki yayin motsawa;

(2) Ƙara CO2 a hankali, ci gaba da motsawa, kuma kwantar da hankali bayan an gama amsawa;

(3) Yi amfani da mazurari don raba cakuda kuma sami dimethyl carbonate.

Ya kamata a lura cewa zafin jiki, matsa lamba, lokacin amsawa, da nau'in da adadin mai kara kuzari yana buƙatar sarrafawa yayin aiwatar da amsawa don inganta yawan amfanin ƙasa da tsabta.

2) Oxygen oxidation Hanyar

Baya ga hanyar methanol, ana amfani da hanyar iskar oxygen da ake amfani da ita don shirye-shiryen dimethyl carbonate. Wannan hanya yana da sauƙin aiki kuma yana iya samun ci gaba da samarwa.

Matakan aiki na musamman sune kamar haka:

(1) Ƙara methanol da mai kara kuzari, zafi zuwa yawan zafin jiki yayin motsawa;

(2) Ƙara iskar oxygen zuwa tsarin amsawa kuma ci gaba da motsawa;

(3) Rarrabe, distill, da tsarkakewa cakuda dauki don samun dimethyl carbonate.

Ya kamata a lura cewa hanyar iskar oxygen iskar oxygen tana buƙatar sarrafa sigogi kamar ƙimar wadata da zafin jiki na iskar oxygen, da kuma adadin abubuwan da aka haɗa, don haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa da tsabta.

Ta hanyar gabatarwar wannan labarin, zamu iya koyo game da tsarin samarwa da hanyoyin shirye-shiryen dimethyl carbonate. Daga tsarin kwayoyin halitta zuwa cikakken bayanin tsarin amsawa da hanyar samarwa, mun samar da ingantaccen tsarin ilimi. Ina fatan wannan labarin zai iya zaburar da masu karatu koyo da bincike a wannan fanni.