Sunan samfur:polyurethane

Tsarin kwayoyin halitta:

Abubuwan Sinadarai:

Polyurethane (PU), cikakken sunan polyurethane, wani fili ne na polymer. 1937 ta Otto Bayer da sauran samar da wannan kayan. Akwai manyan nau'ikan polyurethane guda biyu, nau'in polyester da nau'in polyether. Ana iya yin su zuwa filastik polyurethane (yafi kumfa), polyurethane fibers (wanda ake kira spandex a kasar Sin), roba na polyurethane da elastomers.
Polyurethane mai sassauƙa shine galibi tsarin layi tare da thermoplasticity, wanda ke da mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali, juriya na sinadarai, juriya da kaddarorin injin fiye da kumfa PVC, tare da ƙarancin matsawa. Yana da kyawawa mai kyau na thermal, sautin sauti, juriya, da kaddarorin masu guba. Saboda haka, ana amfani da shi azaman marufi, sautin sauti da kayan tacewa. Filastik polyurethane mai ƙarfi shine haske, sautin sauti, ingantaccen rufin thermal, juriya na sinadarai, kyawawan kayan lantarki, sauƙin sarrafawa, da ƙarancin sha ruwa. An fi amfani da shi azaman kayan gini don gini, mota, masana'antar jirgin sama, rufin zafi da kuma rufin zafi. Ayyukan elastomer na polyurethane tsakanin filastik da roba, juriya mai, juriya juriya, juriya mai ƙarancin zafin jiki, juriya tsufa, babban taurin, elasticity. An fi amfani dashi a masana'antar takalma da masana'antar likitanci. Hakanan za'a iya yin polyurethane ta zama adhesives, sutura, fata na roba, da sauransu.

Aikace-aikace:

Polyurethane yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan kayan aiki a duniya a yau. Yawancin amfani da su sun bambanta daga kumfa mai sassauƙa a cikin kayan da aka ɗaure, zuwa kumfa mai tsauri azaman rufi a cikin bango, rufin da na'urori zuwa thermoplastic polyurethane da ake amfani da su a cikin na'urorin likitanci da takalmi, zuwa sutura, adhesives, sealants da elastomers da ake amfani da su a kan benaye da cikin gida na mota. An ƙara amfani da polyurethanes a cikin shekaru talatin da suka gabata a cikin aikace-aikace daban-daban saboda ta'aziyyarsu, fa'idodin farashi, tanadin makamashi da yuwuwar ingancin muhalli. Menene wasu abubuwan da ke sa polyurethane ya zama abin sha'awa? Karuwar polyurethane yana ba da gudummawa sosai ga tsawon rayuwar samfuran da yawa. Haɓakawa na sake zagayowar rayuwar samfur da kiyaye albarkatu sune mahimman la'akari da muhalli waɗanda galibi suna son zaɓin polyurethane [19-21]. Polyurethanes (PUs) suna wakiltar wani muhimmin aji na thermoplastic da thermoset polymers kamar yadda injin su, thermal, da sinadarai za a iya keɓance su ta hanyar halayen polyols daban-daban da poly-isocyanates.