Sunan samfur:Toluene

Tsarin kwayoyin halitta:C7H8

CAS No:108-88-3

Tsarin kwayoyin halitta:

Abubuwan Sinadarai::

Toluene, wani fili mai gina jiki tare da dabarar sinadarai C₇H₈, ruwa ne mara launi, mara ƙarfi tare da ƙamshi na musamman. Yana da kaddara mai ƙarfi. Yana da haɗari tare da ethanol, ether, acetone, chloroform, carbon disulfide da glacial acetic acid, kuma dan kadan mai narkewa cikin ruwa. Flammable, tururi zai iya samar da wani abu mai fashewa tare da iska, ƙarar ƙarar cakuda zai iya fashewa a ƙananan iyaka. Ƙananan guba, LD50 (bera, baka) 5000mg/kg. babban taro na iskar gas yana da narcotic, haushi

Aikace-aikace:

Ana samun Toluene daga kwal da aspetroleum. Yana faruwa a cikin man fetur da sauran kaushi na man fetur. Ana amfani da toluene don samar da trinitrotoluene (TNT), toluene diisocyanate, da benzene; a matsayin sinadari na fordyes, kwayoyi, da wanki; kuma a matsayin maganin masana'antu don rubbers, fenti, sutura, da mai.

Toluene yana da aikace-aikace da yawa a cikin masana'antar sinadarai da man fetur, tare da kusan tan miliyan 6 da ake amfani da su kowace shekara a Amurka da tan miliyan 16 da ake amfani da su a duniya. Babban amfani da toluene shine azaman mai haɓaka octane a cikin mai. Toluene yana da octane rating na 114. Toluene yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan ƙanshi guda huɗu, tare da benzene, xylene, da ethylbenzene, waɗanda ake samarwa yayin tacewa don haɓaka aikin mai. Gaba ɗaya, waɗannan mahadi guda huɗu an taƙaita su da BTEX. BTEX babban sashi ne na man fetur, yana samar da kusan kashi 18 cikin dari na nau'in haɗakarwa. Kodayake rabon kayan kamshi ya bambanta don samar da gauraya daban-daban don biyan buƙatun yanki da yanayi na yanayi, toluene yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan. Man fetur na yau da kullun ya ƙunshi kusan 5% toluene ta nauyi.
Toluene shine kayan abinci na farko da ake amfani dashi don samar da mahaɗan kwayoyin halitta daban-daban. Ana amfani dashi don samar da diisocyanates. Isocyanates sun ƙunshi rukunin aiki ?N = C = O, kuma diisocyanates sun ƙunshi biyu daga cikin waɗannan. Manyan diisocyanates guda biyu sune toluene 2,4-diisocyanate da toluene 2,6-diisocyanate. Samar da diisocyanates a Arewacin Amurka yana kusa da fam biliyan a kowace shekara. Fiye da 90% na samar da toluene diisocyanate ana amfani dashi don yin kumfa polyurethane. Ana amfani da na ƙarshe azaman sassauƙan cikawa a cikin kayan daki, kayan kwanciya, da matattakala. A cikin tsayayyen tsari ana amfani dashi don rufi, kayan kwalliyar harsashi, kayan gini, sassan mota, ƙafafun skate na androller.

A cikin kera benzoic acid, benzaldehyde, fashewar abubuwa, rini, da sauran abubuwan da suka shafi kwayoyin halitta; a matsayin sauran ƙarfi don fenti, lacquers, gumis, resins; bakin ciki don tawada, turare, rini; a cikin hakar ka'idoji daban-daban daga tsire-tsire; a matsayin mai ƙari.