Polycarbonate(PC) ya ƙunshi ƙungiyoyin carbonate a cikin sarkar kwayoyin halitta.Bisa ga ƙungiyoyin ester daban-daban a cikin tsarin kwayoyin halitta, ana iya raba shi zuwa kungiyoyin aliphatic, alicyclic da aromatic.Daga cikin su, ƙungiyar aromatic tana da ƙimar mafi amfani.Mafi mahimmanci shine bisphenol A polycarbonate, tare da matsakaicin matsakaicin nauyin kwayoyin halitta (MW) na 200000 zuwa 100000.

Polycarbonate yana da kyawawan kaddarorin da suka dace, kamar ƙarfi, tauri, nuna gaskiya, juriya mai zafi da juriya mai sanyi, sauƙin sarrafawa da jinkirin harshen wuta.Babban filayen aikace-aikacen ƙasa sune na'urorin lantarki, ƙarfe na katako da motoci.Wadannan masana'antu guda uku suna lissafin kusan kashi 80% na amfani da polycarbonate.Sauran filayen kuma ana amfani da su sosai a sassan injinan masana'antu, CD, marufi, kayan ofis, kula da lafiya, fim, nishaɗi da kayan kariya, kuma sun zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan nau'ikan robobin injiniyoyi guda biyar.
Tare da ci gaban fasaha na gida, ƙaddamar da masana'antun PC na kasar Sin ya ci gaba da sauri a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.Ya zuwa karshen shekarar 2022, ma'aunin masana'antar PC ta kasar Sin ya zarce tan miliyan 2.5 a kowace shekara, kuma adadin da aka samu ya kai tan miliyan 1.4.A halin yanzu, manyan kamfanonin kasar Sin sun hada da Kesichuang (ton 600000/shekara), Zhejiang Petrochemical (ton 520000 a kowace shekara), Sinadarin Luxi (ton 300000 a kowace shekara) da Zhongsha Tianjin (ton 260000 a kowace shekara).
Riba na matakai uku na PC
Akwai matakai guda uku na samarwa don PC: tsarin da ba na phosgene ba, tsarin transesterification da tsarin phosgene na polycondensation na fuska.Akwai bambance-bambance a bayyane a cikin albarkatun ƙasa da farashi a cikin tsarin samarwa.Hanyoyi daban-daban guda uku suna kawo matakan riba daban-daban don PC.
A cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata, ribar kwamfyuta ta kasar Sin ta kai matsayi mafi girma a shekarar 2018, inda ya kai kusan yuan 6500/ton.Daga baya, yawan riba ya ragu kowace shekara.A cikin 2020 da 2021, saboda raguwar yawan amfani da cutar ta haifar, yanayin ribar ya ragu sosai, kuma hanyar haɗin phosgene ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa da hanyar da ba ta phosgene ba ta nuna asara mai yawa.
Ya zuwa karshen shekarar 2022, samun riba na hanyar transesterification a cikin samar da PC ta kasar Sin ita ce mafi girma, ta kai yuan/ton 2092, sannan ta hanyar fasahar polycondensation phosgene, tare da samun riba a yuan / ton 1592, yayin da ribar samar da fa'ida ta hanyar da ba ta phosgene ba. yuan/ton 292 kawai.A cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata, hanyar transesterification ta kasance hanyar samar da mafi fa'ida a cikin tsarin samar da PC na kasar Sin, yayin da hanyar da ba ta phosgene ta fi samun riba mafi rauni.
Binciken abubuwan da ke shafar riba na PC
Na farko, canjin farashin bisphenol A da DMC yana da tasiri kai tsaye akan farashin PC, musamman ma farashin bisphenol A, wanda ke da tasirin tasiri fiye da 50% akan farashin PC.
Na biyu, sauyin da ake samu a kasuwar masu amfani da tasha, musamman ma tabarbarewar tattalin arziki, yana da tasiri kai tsaye ga kasuwar masu amfani da PC.Misali, a cikin lokacin 2020 da 2021, lokacin da annobar ta shafa, yawan amfanin kasuwar masu amfani akan PC ya ragu, wanda ya haifar da raguwar farashin PC da kuma tasiri kai tsaye kan ribar kasuwar PC.
A shekarar 2022, tasirin annobar zai yi tsanani sosai.Farashin danyen mai zai ci gaba da raguwa, kuma kasuwar masu amfani za ta yi kasala.Yawancin sinadarai na kasar Sin ba su kai ribar da aka saba samu ba.Kamar yadda farashin bisphenol A ya ragu, farashin samarwa na PC yayi ƙasa.Bugu da ƙari, ƙananan raƙuman ruwa ya sake dawowa zuwa wani matsayi, don haka farashin nau'o'in tsarin samar da kayan aiki daban-daban na PC sun ci gaba da samun riba mai karfi, kuma riba yana inganta a hankali.Wani samfuri ne da ba kasafai ke da wadata ba a masana'antar sinadarai ta kasar Sin.A nan gaba, kasuwar bisphenol A za ta ci gaba da yin kasala, kuma bikin bazara yana gabatowa.Idan an saki tsarin kula da cutar a cikin tsari, buƙatun mabukaci na iya girma a cikin raƙuman ruwa, kuma sararin riba na PC na iya ci gaba da girma.