Polyethylene yana da nau'ikan samfuri daban-daban dangane da hanyoyin polymerization, matakan nauyin kwayoyin, da digiri na reshe.Nau'o'in gama gari sun haɗa da polyethylene mai girma (HDPE), polyethylene mai ƙarancin yawa (LDPE), da polyethylene low-density (LLDPE).
Polyethylene ba shi da wari, ba mai guba ba, yana jin kamar kakin zuma, yana da kyakkyawan juriya mai ƙarancin zafin jiki, kwanciyar hankali mai kyau na sinadarai, kuma yana iya jure lalacewar yawancin acid da alkalis.Ana iya sarrafa polyethylene ta hanyar yin gyare-gyaren allura, gyare-gyaren extrusion, gyare-gyaren busa, da sauran hanyoyin samar da kayayyaki irin su fina-finai, bututu, wayoyi da igiyoyi, kwantena mara kyau, kaset da ɗaure, igiyoyi, tarun kifi, da zaren zare.
Ana sa ran tattalin arzikin duniya zai ragu.Dangane da tushen hauhawar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki, amfani yana da rauni kuma ana rage buƙata.Bugu da kari, Tarayyar Tarayya ta ci gaba da kara yawan kudin ruwa, an tsaurara manufofin kudi, kuma farashin kayayyaki na fuskantar matsin lamba.Bugu da kari, rikicin na Rasha da Ukraine yana ci gaba da ci gaba da kasancewa a bayyane.Farashin danyen mai yana da ƙarfi, kuma farashin kayayyakin PE yana da yawa.A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, samfuran PE sun kasance cikin ci gaba da haɓaka saurin haɓaka ƙarfin samarwa, kuma samfuran samfuran ƙarshen ƙarshen sun kasance suna jinkirin bin umarni.Sabanin samar da buƙatu ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan matsalolin ci gaban masana'antar PE a wannan matakin.
Nazari da Hasashen wadatar Polyethylene da Buƙatun Duniya
Ƙarfin samar da polyethylene na duniya yana ci gaba da girma.A cikin 2022, ƙarfin samar da polyethylene na duniya ya zarce tan miliyan 140 a kowace shekara, haɓakar shekara-shekara na 6.1%, tare da haɓakar 2.1% a duk shekara a cikin samarwa.Matsakaicin adadin aiki na rukunin ya kasance 83.1%, raguwar maki 3.6 idan aka kwatanta da na bara.
Arewa maso Gabashin Asiya ita ce ke da mafi girman kaso na ƙarfin samar da polyethylene na duniya, wanda ya kai kashi 30.6% na yawan ƙarfin samar da polyethylene a cikin 2022, sai Arewacin Amurka da Gabas ta Tsakiya, ke biye da kashi 22.2% da 16.4% bi da bi.
Kusan kashi 47% na ƙarfin samar da polyethylene na duniya an tattara shi ne a cikin manyan masana'antun samarwa guda goma waɗanda ke da ƙarfin samarwa.A cikin 2022, akwai kusan manyan masana'antar samar da polyethylene 200 a duniya.ExxonMobil ita ce babbar masana'antar samar da polyethylene a duniya, tana lissafin kusan kashi 8.0% na yawan ƙarfin samarwa a duniya.Dow da Sinopec sun kasance a matsayi na biyu da na uku.
A shekarar 2021, jimlar cinikin polyethylene na kasa da kasa ya kai dalar Amurka biliyan 85.75, an samu karuwar kashi 40.8 cikin dari a duk shekara, kuma jimillar cinikin ya kai tan miliyan 57.77, raguwar duk shekara da kashi 7.3%.Ta fuskar farashi, matsakaicin farashin fitar da polyethylene a duniya shine dalar Amurka 1484.4 akan kowace ton, karuwar shekara-shekara na 51.9%.
China, Amurka, da Belgium sune manyan masu shigo da polyethylene a duniya, wanda ke da kashi 34.6% na dukiyoyin da ake shigowa da su duniya;Amurka, Saudi Arabiya, da Belgium sune manyan ƙasashen da ke fitar da polyethylene a duniya, suna lissafin kashi 32.7% na jimillar abubuwan da ake fitarwa a duniya.
Ƙarfin samar da polyethylene na duniya zai kiyaye saurin girma.A cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, duniya za ta ƙara fiye da ton miliyan 12 na ƙarfin samar da polyethylene a kowace shekara, kuma waɗannan ayyukan galibi ayyukan haɗin gwiwa ne waɗanda aka samar tare da tsire-tsire na ethylene na sama.Ana sa ran cewa daga 2020 zuwa 2024, matsakaicin girma na shekara-shekara na polyethylene zai zama 5.2%.
Halin da ake ciki da Hasashen Samar da Polyethylene da Buƙatun a China
Ƙarfin samar da polyethylene na kasar Sin ya karu lokaci guda.A shekarar 2022, karfin samar da polyethylene na kasar Sin ya karu da kashi 11.2 bisa dari a duk shekara, sannan yawan samar da kayayyaki ya karu da kashi 6.0% a duk shekara.Ya zuwa karshen shekarar 2022, akwai kusan kamfanonin samar da polyethylene kusan 50 a kasar Sin, kuma sabon karfin samar da kayayyaki a shekarar 2022 ya hada da na'urori irin su Sinopec Zhenhai Refinery, Lianyungang Petrochemical, da Zhejiang Petrochemical.
Kwatanta Chart na Samar da Polyethylene a China daga 2021 zuwa 2023

Ƙara yawan amfani da polyethylene na fili yana da iyaka, kuma yawan wadatar da kai yana kiyaye girma.A shekarar 2022, yawan amfani da polyethylene da ake gani a kasar Sin ya karu da kashi 0.1% a duk shekara, kuma adadin wadatar kai ya karu da kashi 3.7 cikin dari idan aka kwatanta da na bara.
Yawan shigo da polyethylene a kasar Sin ya ragu a kowace shekara, yayin da adadin fitar da kayayyaki ya karu kowace shekara.A shekarar 2022, yawan shigo da polyethylene na kasar Sin ya ragu da kashi 7.7% a duk shekara;Yawan fitar da kayayyaki ya karu da kashi 41.5%.Kasar Sin ta kasance mai shigo da polyethylene.Kasuwancin shigo da polyethylene na kasar Sin ya dogara ne kan ciniki na gaba daya, wanda ya kai kashi 82.2% na adadin shigo da kayayyaki daga kasashen waje;Na gaba shine cinikin sarrafa shigo da kaya, wanda ya kai kashi 9.3%.Ana shigo da kayayyaki galibi daga ƙasashe ko yankuna kamar Saudi Arabia, Iran, da Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, wanda ya kai kusan kashi 49.9% na jimillar abubuwan da ake shigo da su.
Ana amfani da polyethylene sosai a China, tare da lissafin fim sama da rabin jimlar.A cikin 2022, fim ɗin bakin ciki ya kasance mafi girman filin aikace-aikacen polyethylene a cikin kasar Sin, sannan kuma yin gyare-gyaren allura, bayanan bututu, rami da sauran filayen.
Polyethylene na kasar Sin har yanzu yana cikin wani mataki na samun ci gaba cikin sauri.Bisa kididdigar da ba ta cika ba, kasar Sin tana shirin kara nau'ikan nau'ikan polyethylene guda 15 kafin shekarar 2024, tare da karin karfin samar da fiye da tan miliyan 8 a kowace shekara.
Jadawalin Samar da Sabon Na'urar Cikin Gida na 2023

Tun daga watan Mayun 2023, jimillar ƙarfin samar da tsire-tsire na cikin gida ya kai tan miliyan 30.61.Dangane da fadada PE a cikin 2023, ana tsammanin ƙarfin samarwa zai zama tan miliyan 3.75 a kowace shekara.A halin yanzu, Guangdong Petrochemical, Hainan Refining da Chemical, da Shandong Jinhai Chemical sun fara aiki, tare da yawan samar da tan miliyan 2.2.Ya ƙunshi cikakken na'ura mai nauyin ton miliyan 1.1 da na'urar HDPE mai nauyin tan miliyan 1.1, yayin da na'urar LDPE ba ta fara aiki a cikin shekara ba.A cikin rabin na biyu na shekara mai zuwa, har yanzu akwai tan miliyan 1.55 / shekara na sabbin tsare-tsaren samar da kayan aiki, wanda ya ƙunshi tan miliyan 1.25 na kayan aikin HDPE da tan 300000 na kayan aikin LLDPE.Ana sa ran jimillar karfin samar da kayayyaki na kasar Sin zai kai tan miliyan 32.16 nan da shekarar 2023.
A halin yanzu, akwai babban sabani tsakanin wadata da bukatar PE a kasar Sin, tare da maida hankali wajen samar da sabbin sassan samar da kayayyaki a mataki na gaba.Duk da haka, masana'antun samfurin da ke ƙasa suna fuskantar matsala a farashin albarkatun kasa, ƙananan odar samfur, da wahala wajen ƙara farashin a ƙarshen tallace-tallace;Ragewar kudaden shiga da ake samu da kuma tsadar ayyukan gudanar da aiki ya haifar da tsauraran kudade ga kamfanoni, kuma a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, a karkashin yanayin hauhawar farashin kayayyaki, manufofin karfafa kudaden kasashen waje sun kara hadarin koma bayan tattalin arziki, kuma karancin bukata ya haifar da raguwa. a cikin odar ciniki na waje don samfurori.Kamfanonin samfur na ƙasa, kamar samfuran PE, suna cikin lokacin zafin masana'antu saboda rashin daidaituwar wadata da buƙata.A gefe guda, suna buƙatar kula da buƙatun gargajiya, yayin da haɓaka sabbin buƙatu da gano hanyoyin fitar da kayayyaki sun zama
Daga rarraba rabo daga ƙasa PE amfani a kasar Sin, da most rabo daga amfani ne fim, bi da manyan samfurin Categories kamar allura gyare-gyaren, bututu, m, waya zane, na USB, metallocene, shafi, da dai sauransu Ga fim samfurin masana'antu. Babban al'ada shine fim ɗin noma, fim ɗin masana'antu, da fim ɗin marufi.Koyaya, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, buƙatun samfuran fina-finai na filastik na gargajiya a hankali an maye gurbinsu da shaharar robobi masu lalacewa saboda ƙayyadaddun ƙa'idodin filastik.Bugu da kari, masana'antar shirya fina-finai su ma suna cikin wani lokaci na daidaita tsarin, kuma matsalar rashin iya aiki a cikin ƙananan kayayyaki har yanzu yana da tsanani.
Yin gyare-gyaren allura, bututu, rami da sauran masana'antu suna da alaƙa da buƙatun abubuwan more rayuwa da rayuwar farar hula ta yau da kullun.A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, saboda dalilai irin su ra'ayin mabukaci mara kyau daga mazauna, ci gaban masana'antar samfurin ya fuskanci wasu matsalolin ci gaba, da kuma taƙaitaccen taƙaitaccen bin umarni na fitarwa ya haifar da yiwuwar raguwar ci gaba a cikin ci gaba. gajeren lokaci.
Menene ci gaban buƙatun PE na gida a nan gaba
Hasali ma, a gun taron kasa karo na 20 da aka yi a karshen shekarar 2022, an ba da shawarar daukar matakai daban-daban don kara kaimi ga bukatun cikin gida, da nufin kara bude kofa ga waje a cikin gida a kasar Sin.Bugu da ƙari, an ambaci cewa haɓaka ƙimar birane da sikelin masana'antu zai kawo buƙatuwar buƙatu ga samfuran PE daga hangen nesa na haɓaka wurare dabam dabam na ciki.Bugu da kari, cikakken annashuwa na sarrafawa, farfadowar tattalin arziki, da karuwar da ake sa ran za a samu na zagayawa cikin gida suma suna ba da tabbacin manufofin dawo da bukatar gida nan gaba.
Haɓaka mabukaci ya haifar da buƙatu masu tasowa, tare da ƙarin buƙatu na robobi a fannoni kamar motoci, gidaje masu wayo, na'urorin lantarki, da zirga-zirgar jiragen ƙasa.Babban inganci, babban aiki, da kayan haɗin gwiwar muhalli sun zama zaɓin da aka fi so.Mahimman abubuwan haɓaka don buƙatun gaba sun fi yawa a cikin yankuna huɗu, gami da haɓaka marufi a cikin masana'antar isar da kayayyaki, shirya fina-finai ta hanyar kasuwancin e-commerce, da yuwuwar haɓakar sabbin motocin makamashi, abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, da buƙatar likita.Har yanzu akwai yuwuwar ci gaban buƙatun PE.
Dangane da bukatar waje, akwai abubuwa da yawa da ba a tabbatar da su ba, kamar dangantakar Amurka da China, manufofin Reserve Tarayya, yakin Ukraine, yanayin siyasa, da dai sauransu. A halin yanzu, bukatar cinikin waje na kasar Sin na kayayyakin robobi yana cikin samar da karancin farashi. samfurori.A fannin samar da kayayyaki masu inganci, har yanzu kwararru da fasahohi da dama sun tsaya tsayin daka a hannun kamfanoni na ketare, kuma katangar fasahar fasahar kere-kere ta yi tsanani sosai, sabili da haka, wata alama ce da za ta iya kaiwa ga samar da kayayyaki na kasar Sin a nan gaba. fitarwa, inda dama da kalubale suka kasance tare.Har yanzu kamfanoni na cikin gida suna fuskantar sabbin fasahohi da ci gaba.